As temperatures start to drop heading into late autumn, New Zealanders are being reminded that colder weather brings more than winter wardrobes – it also marks the beginning of flu season.
Influenza cases typically rise between May and October, when colder conditions allow viruses to survive longer in the air, increasing the likelihood of transmission.
The seasonal shift, combined with people spending more time indoors at work, school and social settings, creates the ideal environment for illness to spread, health experts say.
A range of other respiratory bugs circulate alongside influenza, including the common cold —contributing to the familiar run of coughs, sniffles and “winter lurgies”.
Health NZ says the best defence against the flu is to get a yearly flu vaccine.
New Zealand’s flu vaccine is updated annually and includes strains identified during the Northern Hemisphere’s most recent flu season, which helps improve its effectiveness locally.
The vaccine works by introducing antigens that mimic the influenza virus, prompting the immune system to develop antibodies. This prepares the body to recognise and fight off the virus more efficiently if exposed later.
"Although having the flu vaccine doesn’t guarantee you won’t catch the flu, it will give you more protection and mean you are less likely to experience complications from a flu infection," Health NZ says.
Flu vaccines in New Zealand generally become available from the start of April, with health officials encouraging people not to delay getting the jab.
It can take up to two weeks for immunity to build, meaning early vaccination provides better protection ahead of peak flu season.
Alongside vaccination, simple steps such as washing hands regularly, cleaning shared surfaces, avoiding touching the face, and staying home when unwell can help reduce the spread of illness.
Getting fresh air, sunlight and staying up to date with recommended vaccinations can also help support the immune system through winter.
SHARE ME