King Charles III led Britain's annual ceremony of remembrance for the country's war dead overnight, under November sunshine and the shadow cast across Europe by the almost four-year-old war in Ukraine.
As Parliament's Big Ben bell tolled 11am, thousands of military personnel, veterans and members of the public gathered in central London fell still for two minutes of silence, broken by a single artillery blast and Royal Marines buglers sounding "The Last Post".
The 76-year-old King, dressed in the uniform of an army field marshal, laid a wreath of red paper poppies on a black background at the base of the Cenotaph war memorial. Erected over a century ago to honour the British and allied troops killed in World War I, it has become the focus of annual ceremonies for members of military and civilian services killed in that war and subsequent conflicts.
The national ceremony of remembrance is held every year on the nearest Sunday to the anniversary of the end of World War I on 11 November 1918, at 11am. Similar memorial services are held in dozens of towns and cities across Britain and at UK military bases overseas.
A military band played as heir to the throne Prince William followed his father in laying a wreath on the simple Portland stone monument inscribed with the words "The Glorious Dead".
Other members of the royal family followed, including the King's youngest brother, Prince Edward — but not former prince Andrew Mountbatten Windsor. The King stripped his brother Andrew of his titles last month and evicted him from his royal mansion over his relationship with convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein.
Wreaths were also laid by Prime Minister Keir Starmer, other political leaders and diplomats from across the Commonwealth of Britain’s former colonies.
Queen Camilla, the Princess of Wales and other members of the royal family watched from their traditional place on a balcony of the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office.
Many of the wreaths were made of poppies, and most people in attendance wore paper poppies on their lapels. The scarlet flowers that bloomed on the muddy battlefields and makeshift graveyards of northern France and Belgium during World War I — made famous by the poem In Flanders Fields — have become a symbol of remembrance in Britain and other countries.
Like many other NATO members, Britain has increased its defence spending since Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. Britain says it will spend 3.5% of GDP on defence by 2035.
After the wreath-laying, some 10,000 military veterans with gleaming medals marched past the Cenotaph, accompanied by jaunty military music and applauded by well-wishers lining the footpaths. Among them, in wheelchairs, were about 20 of the dwindling band of WWII veterans, the youngest of them 98 years old.
Donald Poole, 101, who served as a Royal Army Ordnance Corps explosives handler in the conflict that ended 80 years ago, said it was "a great honour to be able to pay tribute to the poor souls who have died in all conflicts.
"I know how lucky I am to still be here thanks to all those who have fought and served, past and present," he said. "I also want to pay tribute to the civilian services who suffered during the Second World War, particularly the fire service, who saved so many lives during the Blitz — many of whom lost their own."
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